UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in India for UPSC Aspirants
India is known for its rich cultural heritage, but did you know that some of its cultural traditions hold intangible value? UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, recognizes intangible cultural heritage as practices and events that are transmitted from generation to generation, reflecting the traditions, beliefs, and values of a community. In this article, we will explore the concept of UNESCO intangible cultural heritage in India.
What is UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage?
In 2003, the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Convention defined intangible cultural heritage as including “practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, skills – as well as the instruments, objects, artifacts and cultural spaces associated therewith – that communities, groups, and, in some cases, individuals recognize as part of their cultural heritage.” UNESCO aims to preserve and promote such traditions to enhance cultural diversity and bridge the gaps between different societies.
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage in India
India has a rich and diverse intangible cultural heritage that is steeped in ancient history. Here are some examples of cultural practices within India that have been recognized as intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO.
1. Yoga
Yoga is a physical, mental and spiritual practice that originated in ancient India. It has been recognized as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO in 2016. The yoga postures or “asanas”, the Pranayama breathing techniques and Meditation followings have been recognized as the key components of Yoga and its capacity to unite body and mind.
2. Kumbh Mela
Kumbh Mela is a large religious gathering that takes place every 12 years in India, where millions of Hindu devotees gather to take a holy dip in rivers. The Kumbh Mela is not just a religious event but has socio-cultural significance for the people of India. It reflects the cultural diversity of India that comes together in a spirit of devotion and spiritual harmony.
3. Kathakali
Kathakali is a traditional dance-drama form that originated in Kerala, India. It features elaborate costumes, makeup, and hand gestures, and depicts stories from Hindu mythology. The art form has been recognized as an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO in 2008.
4. Chhau
Chhau is a form of masked dance that is popular in the eastern Indian states of Odisha, Jharkhand and West Bengal. It combines martial arts and storytelling to depict sagas from Hindu mythology. UNESCO recognized Chhau as intangible cultural heritage in 2010.
Conclusion
UNESCO’s recognition of intangible cultural heritage is an important step towards the preservation of cultural diversity in the face of globalization. India’s rich and diverse intangible cultural heritage is a testament to its ancient roots and traditions that have been passed down from generation to generation. To all UPSC aspirants, the study of these intangible cultural heritage practices would augur well as it will enable UPSC aspirants to gain deeper insights about India’s cultural heritage and its significance today. Let us cherish and preserve the rich legacy of our cultural heritage.
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