Norms are an integral component of our society, shaping our personal and professional lives in ways we might not even be aware of. In this comprehensive guide for beginners, we will delve into the five types of norms that dictate our behavior and how we interact with others.
1. Folkways
Folkways are informal customs and rituals that dictate our everyday behavior. These are the norms that we follow without even thinking about them, such as saying “please” and “thank you” or holding the door open for someone. These norms are not enforceable by law, but not following them may lead to social ostracism or disapproval.
2. Mores
Mores are norms that are considered to be essential for the functioning of society. They are informal, yet ingrained in our social fabric and are often enforced by law. Examples of mores include not stealing or committing murder. Violating these norms may lead to severe consequences such as imprisonment, heavy fines, or social stigma.
3. Laws
Laws are formal written norms that are enacted by governments to ensure order and justice. They are created and enforced by legal authorities and outline the consequences of violating them. Laws regulate our behavior on various levels, from minor traffic violations to major crimes such as murder or terrorism.
4. Taboos
Taboos are strict norms that prohibit certain behaviors or actions. These norms are often religious or cultural in nature and are considered to be morally reprehensible. Taboos can be highly subjective and differing in different cultures, such as in some cultures, eating beef is sacrilegious, while in others it is considered a staple.
5. Sanctions
Sanctions are the consequences of violating norms, which can range from subtle social disapproval to harsh legal punishment. Sanctions vary in degree and rely on the severity of the norm violation. A minor norm violation such as being late for an appointment might result in a mild sanction such as disapproval, while violating a major norm such as theft might lead to legal punishment.
In conclusion, norms influence our behavior in countless ways. Understanding the five types of norms- folkways, mores, laws, taboos, and sanctions, is essential for navigating the complex web of social interactions in our society. By knowing what is expected of us, we can conduct ourselves appropriately and contribute positively to our community.
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