Uncover the Common Symptoms of Underactive Thyroid Eye Disease

Uncover the Common Symptoms of Underactive Thyroid Eye Disease

The thyroid gland, situated in the neck, is responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism. An underactive thyroid condition, also known as hypothyroidism, happens when your thyroid gland is unable to produce enough hormones to maintain normal body functioning. While an underactive thyroid can have several symptoms, one of the rare yet significant symptoms is underactive thyroid eye disease (TED).

In this article, we will discuss everything about TED, including its causes, symptoms, and treatments.

What is Underactive Thyroid Eye Disease?

Underactive thyroid eye disease (TED), also known as hypothyroid eye disease, is an autoimmune disorder that occurs when the body’s immune system attacks the muscles and tissues around the eyes. It is a rare condition that usually affects people with a history of thyroid disorders, such as Graves’ disease or chronic autoimmune thyroiditis.

What are the Common Symptoms of TED?

TED symptoms can range from mild to severe and include:

Bulging Eyes

TED may cause the eyes to bulge, and they may appear to be protruding out of the eye sockets. This bulging of the eyes is usually painless but can be noticeable and uncomfortable.

Double Vision or Blurred Vision

TED patients may suffer from vision problems such as double vision or blurred vision. In severe cases, they may even suffer from the complete loss of vision in one or both eyes.

Eye Pain and Irritation

TED patients may also experience eye pain, irritation, and discomfort.

Dry Eyes and Sensitivity to Light

TED may cause the eyes to feel dry and gritty, with a heightened sensitivity to light.

How Is TED Diagnosed and Treated?

The diagnosis of TED begins with clinical evaluation, followed by thyroid function tests, CT scan or MRI, and orbital ultrasound to assess the eye muscles and the position of the eyes.

Treatment of TED depends on the severity of the symptoms, and it is based on a multidisciplinary approach involving an endocrinologist, ophthalmologist, and sometimes, an orbit surgeon.

The most common treatments for TED include managing the underlying thyroid condition and medications such as steroids, immunosuppressive agents, or biologic agents. In some cases, surgery may be recommended.

Conclusion

Underactive thyroid eye disease, while rare, can cause significant discomfort and even vision loss to those affected. Hence, it is crucial to be aware of the common symptoms of TED, which include bulging eyes, double vision, eye pain, and dry eyes, and to seek treatment as early as possible to prevent further complications. If you suspect you may have TED, consult your doctor immediately for a diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan.