Metformin, commonly known by the brand name Glucophage, is a medication primarily used for type 2 diabetes management. However, it is also utilized for weight loss due to concerns about its effectiveness and safety. In this article, we will discuss how metformin works and its effectiveness in weight loss.
How does metformin work?
Metformin belongs to a class of medications called biguanides. It works by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver. Moreover, it enhances insulin sensitivity to reduce the absorption of glucose in the bloodstream, thus assisting the body in using glucose efficiently.
Metformin also affects the gut microbiota, the bacteria in the digestive tract, by advancing the production of short-chain fatty acids, which help regulate the metabolism.
Is metformin effective for weight loss?
Metformin has been found to aid in weight loss for people with type 2 diabetes, which is usually accompanied by obesity. Additionally, metformin can help promote weight loss on its own, regardless of whether the patient has diabetes or not.
Studies have shown that metformin alone can result in modest weight loss. It is most effective when combined with a balanced diet and appropriate physical activity.
A study conducted over a year reported an average weight loss of 6.2 kg in patients taking metformin compared to a weight gain of 2.1 kg in the placebo group.
Metformin can reduce appetite and help control food cravings, leading to weight loss.
Safety concerns
Metformin is generally well-tolerated. Still, some side effects are mild and can include gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These side effects can be minimized by taking the medication with food.
In rare cases, significant side effects like lactic acidosis can occur, but this is usually related to underlying health conditions or severe kidney and liver impairments.
Conclusion
Metformin is an effective medication that can help manage type 2 diabetes, and also assist in weight loss efforts. It reduces glucose production by the liver, enhances insulin sensitivity, and controls food cravings. While it has been shown to be safe for most people, it is essential to exercise caution when using it and follow the doctor’s advice. It should always be accompanied by healthy eating and regular physical activity to achieve optimal results.
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