Cognition is an intricate web of neural connections that enable us to perceive, process, and interpret information. It has fascinated psychologists for decades, and the latest findings are no exception. The 8th edition of Cognition, the highly-acclaimed textbook by Matlin and Foley, provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on cognition, from perception to language, and from memory to problem-solving.
Perception
Perception refers to the way we interpret sensory information. The latest research shows that perception is not simply a passive process but an active one. Our brains actively fill in the gaps in the sensory information we receive to create a complete picture of the world around us. For example, we may perceive a circle even when only a partial circle is presented to us. This is known as completion.
Language
Language is central to human cognition, and the latest research has provided insights into how we learn and use language. For example, research shows that infants are born with an innate ability to distinguish between speech sounds used in any language. As they are exposed to a language, they gradually lose this ability and become specialized in the sounds of their native language.
Memory
Memory is a fundamental component of cognition, and the latest research has revealed fascinating insights into how we remember things. According to the new findings, memory is not a single entity but is made up of multiple systems. For example, we have a working memory system that temporarily holds information in our mind and a long-term memory system that stores information for later retrieval.
Problem-solving
Problem-solving is another crucial aspect of cognition. The latest research shows that our ability to solve complex problems depends on our ability to use mental imagery. For example, if we are asked to imagine a chessboard, we can mentally place the pieces on the board and manipulate them without physically moving them.
In conclusion, the latest discoveries in cognition highlight the complexity and diversity of this field. From perception to problem-solving, the research sheds light on how our brains work. As scientists continue to explore this fascinating subject, we can expect to gain deeper insights into the workings of the human mind.
References:
Matlin, M. W., & Foley, H. J. (2016). Cognition (8th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
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