Understanding the Diagnostic Criteria for Histrionic Personality Disorder in the DSM-5
Histrionic Personality Disorder (HPD) is a type of Cluster B Personality Disorder characterized by a pattern of excessive attention-seeking behavior, emotions, and interactions. Individuals with HPD have an overwhelming need to be the center of attention and will do almost anything to obtain it.
Diagnostic Criteria for Histrionic Personality Disorder
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) outlines the criteria for diagnosing HPD. To be diagnosed with HPD, an individual must exhibit five or more of the following symptoms:
- Constant seeking of attention
- Engaging in provocative behavior to gather attention
- Presence of inappropriate sexuality
- Displays emotions that are shallow and rapidly shifting
- Using physical appearances to attain attention
- Language is dramatic and theatrical
- Lacks sense of self
- A tendency towards being easily influenced
- Has a tendency towards exaggeration
Prevalence of Histrionic Personality Disorder
HPD affects around 2-3% of the general population. It is more commonly seen in women than men, and individuals affected with the disorder usually present symptoms from adolescence until middle age. HPD can also occur in conjunction with other personality or mental health disorders.
Treatment of Histrionic Personality Disorder
The treatment of HPD centers around psychological therapy, which aims to enhance the individual’s self-awareness and self-esteem while improving their social communication skills. Psychotherapy techniques including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy are effective methods of treating HPD. Medication is not usually prescribed for HPD, but in certain cases, it can be prescribed to manage particular symptoms such as anxiety or depression.
Case Study
Let’s say that Jane has been diagnosed with HPD. Jane is an actress who has been unsuccessful in recent years; she has just been fired from her latest role and has no other prospects lined up. After her diagnosis, Jane starts therapy, where she learns strategies to cope with the emotional pain of not getting roles and the consequent disregard of other people. Through therapy, she learns to rely on herself for self-worth instead of seeking approval and affirmation from others.
Conclusion
Histrionic Personality Disorder is an emotional personality disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Although there are many psychological treatments available, psychotherapy is the most effective option of treating the disorder. If you or someone you know exhibits symptoms of HPD, please don’t hesitate to consult a professional.
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