Understanding High Blood Pressure: Causes, Symptoms and Treatments

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), nearly 108 million Americans have high blood pressure. Also known as hypertension, high blood pressure is a common health problem that can lead to serious complications if left untreated. In this article, we will explore what high blood pressure is, what causes it, its symptoms, and the different treatment options available.

The Basics: What is High Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure refers to the force with which blood flows through a person’s arteries. High blood pressure occurs when that force is consistently too high. Blood pressure is typically measured in two numbers: the systolic pressure (the top number), which measures the pressure when the heart beats and pumps blood, and the diastolic pressure (the bottom number), which measures the pressure when the heart rests between beats. A normal blood pressure reading is typically around 120/80 mm Hg.

What Causes High Blood Pressure?

High blood pressure can be caused by a variety of factors, including lifestyle habits and underlying health conditions. Some of the most common causes include:

• Smoking
• Being overweight or obese
• Lack of physical activity
• Unhealthy diet, especially one high in salt
• Family history of high blood pressure
• Chronic stress or anxiety
• Sleep apnea

In some cases, high blood pressure may also be caused by underlying health conditions, such as kidney disease, diabetes, or hormonal disorders.

Symptoms of High Blood Pressure

In many cases, high blood pressure does not produce any noticeable symptoms. Most people discover that they have high blood pressure during a routine checkup. However, in some cases, people with high blood pressure may experience:

• Headaches
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Shortness of breath
• Blurred vision
• Chest pain
• Fatigue and weakness

If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to speak with your doctor.

Treatments for High Blood Pressure

If you have been diagnosed with high blood pressure, your doctor may recommend one or more of the following treatments:

• Lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and quitting smoking
• Medications, such as diuretics, beta-blockers, or ACE inhibitors
• In some cases, surgery or other procedures may be necessary

It is important to work closely with your doctor to develop a plan that works best for you.

Conclusion

High blood pressure is a serious health condition that requires treatment. By understanding what causes high blood pressure, its symptoms, and the different treatment options available, you can take steps to manage this condition and improve your health. It is important to work closely with your doctor to develop a treatment plan that works for you and to make healthy lifestyle changes to improve your overall well-being.